Epidemiology of maxillofacial trauma in elderly patients receiving oral anticoagulant or antithrombotic medication; a Swiss retrospective study

Table 4 Type and number of bleeding complications

Bleeding complication & intervention	Total		Male		Female		p-value
Bleeding complication & intervention	n=188	[100%]	n=104	[100%]	n=84	[100%]	p-value
Hematoma upper third	14	[7.4]	8	[7.7]	6	[7.1]	0.887
Hematoma middle third	120	[63.8]	64	[61.5]	56	[66.7]	0.467
Hematoma lower third	11	[5.9]	3	[2.9]	8	[9.5]	0.054
Intracranial haemorrhage	53	[28.2]	33	[23.7]	20	[40.8]	0.022
Epistaxis	23	[12.2]	14	[13.5]	9	[10.7]	0.568
Oral bleeding	10	[5.3]	7	[6.7]	3	[3.6]	0.337
Otohaematoma	2	[1.1]	2	[1.9]	0	[0.0]	0.201
Retrobulbar/intraorbital haemorrhage	17	[9.0]	8	[5.8]	9	[18.4]	0.008
Emergency treatment for bleeding	16	[8.5]	10	[9.6]	6	[7.1]	0.546
Orbital decompression	6	[1.6]	2	[1.9]	4	[4.8]	0.271
Cranial decompression	3	[1.6]	2	[1.9]	1	[1.2]	0.690
Epistaxis treatment	5	[2.7]	4	[3.8]	1	[1.2]	0.261
Relief of Otohaematoma	2	[1.1]	2	[1.9]	0	[0.0]	0.201
Others	1	[0.5]	1	[1.0]	0	[0.0]	0.368

ISSN: 1471-227X