Table 4 Principal component analysis results

Inadequate information about a referred patient is an issue in CTAS1 and CTAS2

0.77

0.63

3.87

0.92

Improper pre-hospital assessment, intervention, and transportation for critical patients affect patient care in CTAS1 and CTAS2

0.76

0.75

3.98

0.96

Any medical error, regardless of how small, that occurs in CTAS1 and CTAS2 affects the patient’s healthcare process

0.70

0.63

4.12

0.94

Receiving incorrect endorsement about a patient’s condition from pre-hospital health providers affects the receiving preparation in CTAS1 and CTAS2

0.70

0.73

3.97

0.86

Doctors’ non-compliance with the procedures in the ED affects my performance in treating critical patients in CTAS1 and CTAS2

0.68

0.63

3.92

0.91

A lack of motivation and psychological support affects the performance of emergency nurses working in CTAS1 and CTAS2

0.64

0.61

3.91

0.93

Assigning new staff in CTAS1 and CTAS2 may affect critical patient care

0.60

0.52

3.86

0.94

How doctors deliver bad news regarding patient care in ED affects the workplace environment

0.57

0.61

3.68

0.93

Receiving multiple orders during code blue confuses nurses

0.50

0.50

3.88

0.94

Frequent dealings with critical cases affect my imagination and self-stability

0.81

0.72

3.43

1.04

Frequent critical care negatively influences my self-care

0.77

0.73

3.05

1.11

The occurrence of deaths in the ED affects nursing psychology

0.68

0.65

3.70

0.98

The lack of coping mechanisms with critical cases affects my lifestyle

0.61

0.55

3.58

0.96

Improper hospital administration affects workflow in the ED

0.717

0.68

3.95

0.87

The presence of internship students and new doctors during code blue affects nurses’ monitoring and quality of care

0.620

0.50

3.70

0.94

Equipment in the ED is insufficient, affecting patient care

0.619

0.60

3.81

0.99

Separation of hospital administration from emergency administration leads to changes in the workplace environment

0.548

0.50

3.80

0.78

The lack of training and education in dealing with critical care patients in the ED

0.547

0.52

3.71

0.96

Increases in patients’ EDLOS due to delayed doctor assessment are a major problem

0.870

0.76

3.54

1.40

Shortage of supplies in the ED affects patient care

0.849

0.78

3.57

1.13

The consultation process in ED delays the medical care for critical patients

0 0.613

0.60

3.71

0.95

I get stressed when patients’ families asked me questions that I don’t know how to answer

0.80

0.79

3.35

1.06

The presence of patients’ families when treating cases adds pressure on me

0.72

065

3.81

0.99

Eigenvalues

8.44

2.19

2.01

1.21

1.01

% Variance

36.70

9.53

8.70

5.27

4.39