Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants

Age category

15–24

58

29.9

23.2–36.6

25–39

98

50.5

43.8–58.2

40–59

30

15.5

10.8–20.6

>=60

8

4.1

1.5–7.2

Sex

Male

165

85.1

79.9–89.7

Female

29

14.9

10.3–20.1

Residence

Rural

64

33.0

26.3–39.7

Urban

130

67.0

60.3–73.7

Other

20

10.3

5.7–14.4

Time to presentation (min) Mean = 20.0, SD = 11.5, Min = 5.0, Max = 60.0

Within 30 min

168

86.6

82.0-91.2

Over 30 min

26

13.4

8.8–18.0

Road user

Pedestrian

74

38.1

31.4–44.8

Cyclist

48

24.7

18.0-30.4

Driver

16

8.2

4.6–12.4

Motorcycle passenger

56

28.9

22.7–35.6

Cause of accident

Driving/ riding errors

115

59.3

51.5–66.0

Drug/ alcohol abuse

37

19.1

13.9–24.7

Others

42

21.6

16.0-27.8

Chronic medication

None

148

76.3

70.6–82.0

Anticoagulants

1

0.5

0.0-1.5

Steroids

2

1.0

0.0-2.6

NSAIDs

5

2.6

0.5–5.2

Other

38

19.6

13.9–25.3

Comorbidity

None

148

76.3

70.6–82.0

DM

9

4.6

1.5–7.7

HTN

11

5.7

2.6–9.3

DM + HTN

6

3.1

1.0-5.7

HIV

11

5.7

2.6–9.3

Other

9

4.6

2.1–7.7

Head injury

No

60

30.9

24.7–37.6

Yes

134

69.1

62.4–75.3

Chest Injury

No

140

72.2

66.0-78.4

Yes

54

27.8

21.6–35.0

Abdomen and pelvis

No

160

82.5

77.3–87.6

Yes

34

17.5

12.4–22.7

Limb Injuries

No

136

70.1

63.4–76.8

Yes

58

29.9

23.2–36.6

Hospital

HRRH

80

41.2

34.5–48.5

FRRH

82

42.3

35.1–49.5

KIU-TH

32

16.5

11.3–22.2