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Table 3 Formation of codes from meaningful units

From: Exploring the challenges of emergency medical service providers in the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative content analysis

Meaningful unit

Compressed meaningful unit

Codes

“I’ve been through one of the toughest years of my life during this period. I was really at my limit and felt helpless, isolated, and ineffective. I didn’t have the motivation to do anything, and sometimes I thought about how I could leave this organization and work somewhere else.” (P. 16).

I felt helpless, isolated, and ineffective, and lacked the motivation to continue working

Felt helpless

Isolated

Ineffective

Lack of motivation