Can ketamine administration prevent intubation in patients who cannot comply with NIV due to agitation?

BMC Emergency Medicine

Table 1 Demographic structures of patients, chronic diseases, other findings and their relationship with intubation

		No intubation n :46 (56.8%)		Intubation n:35 (43.2%)		p
Age		75.93 ± 11.39		78.51 ± 12.49		0.336*
Gender	Male	18	39.13%	17	48.57%	0.395+
Gender	Female	28	60.87%	18	51.43%	0.395+
Present clinical situation	Asthma Attack	2	4.35%	0	0.00%	0.503ǂ
	Decompensated cardiac failure	19	41,30%	7	20.00%	0.073+
	Hypertensive pulmonary edema	4	8.70%	8	22.86%	0.144+
	Interstitial lung disease	0	0.00%	1	2.86%	0.890ǂ
	COPD Attack	15	32.61%	13	37.14%	0.849
	Malignant effusion	one	2.17%	0	0.00%	0.890ǂ
	Pneumonia	5	10.87%	6	17.14%	0.625+
Hypertension		38	82.61%	21	60.00%	0.023+
Diabetes Mellitus		15	32.61%	11	31.43%	0.910+
Congestive heart failure		17	36.96%	5	14.29%	0.023+
Coronary artery disease		15	32.61%	9	25.71%	0.501+
Chronic renal failure		4	8.70%	2	5.71%	0.612+
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease + Asthma		24	52.17%	17	48.57%	0.748+
Cerebrovascular accident		5	10.87%	7	20.00%	0.252+
Chronic kidney disease		2	4.35%	3	8.57%	0.434+
Alzheimer’s		3	6.52%	one	2.86%	0.451ǂ
Malignity		3	6.52%	2	5.71%	0.881+
Under The Mask Spo2		88.46 ± 5.55		78.4 ± 10.97		0.0001*
Respiration Rate		38.28 ± 4.55		38.63 ± 5.35		0.754*
RASS Agitation Score		2.17 ± 0.68		2.66 ± 0.73		0.003*
A second administration of ketamine necessary?	No	46	100.00%	one	2.86%	0.0001 ǂ
A second administration of ketamine necessary?	Yes	0	0.00%	34	97.14%	0.0001 ǂ
Adverse effect of ketamine	No	39	84.78%	33	94.29%	0.178+
Adverse effect of ketamine	Yes	7	15.22%	2	5.71%	0.178+

ISSN: 1471-227X