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Table 1 Patients’ accesses characteristics

From: Measuring the crowding of emergency departments: an assessment of the NEDOCS in Lombardy, Italy, and the development of a new objective indicator based on the waiting time for the first clinical assessment

 

2022

(N = 2,754,968)

Jan-June 2023

(N = 1,396,054)

Triage code

 Non-urgent (white)

191,312 (6.9%)

99,219 (7.1%)

 Minor or deferrable urgency (green)

1,938,458 (70.4%)

978,685 (70.1%)

 Very urgent (yellow)

560,715 (20.4%)

288,287 (20.7%)

 Immediate emergency (red)

64,483 (2.3%)

29,863 (2.1%)

Hospital complexity level

 S-ED

613,416 (22.3%)

298,527 (21.4%)

 DEA-I

1,433,472 (52.0%)

724,246 (51.9%)

 DEA-II

708,080 (25.7%)

298,527 (21.4%)

Day of arrival

 Weekday

1,999,335 (72.6%)

1,015,947 (72.8%)

 Weekend

755,633 (27.4%)

380,107 (27.2%)

Hour of arrival

 Morning (8:00 - 14:59)

1,268,063 (46.0%)

649,130 (46.5%)

 Afternoon (15:00 - 21:59)

966,040 (35.1%)

492,030 (35.2%)

 Night (22:00 - 7:59)

520,865 (18.9%)

254,894 (18.3%)

Time between triage and first physician assessment (minutes)

 Overall—median (Q1 – Q3)

39.7 (13.0 – 104.6)

38.0 (12.4–102.0)

 White codes—median (Q1 – Q3)

55.0 (16.4 – 130.5)

53.8 (15.6–127.4)

 Green codes—median (Q1 – Q3)

49.1 (16.2 – 122.0)

47.0 (15.0–118.0)

 Yellow codes -median (Q1 – Q3)

22.9 (10.3 – 52.0)

22.0 (9.8–53.0)

 Red codes—median (Q1 – Q3)

6.4 (2.7 – 13.0)

6.1 (2.3–13.5)

Time between first physician assessment and discharge (hours)

 Overall—median (Q1 – Q3)

1.8 (0.5 – 4.1)

1.7 (0.5–3.9)

 White codes—median (Q1 – Q3)

0.4 (0.1 – 1.5)

0.4 (0.1–1.5)

 Green codes—median (Q1 – Q3)

1.4 (0.3 – 3.1)

1.5 (0.4–3.1)

 Yellow codes—median (Q1 – Q3)

4.2 (2.1 – 9.8)

3.7 (1.8–8.6)

 Red codes—median (Q1 – Q3)

4.7 (2.0 – 15.6)

4.2 (1.6–15.4)

Total LOS (hours)

 Overall—median (Q1 – Q3)

3.1 (1.6 – 6.0)

3.0 (1.5–5.7)

 White codes—median (Q1 – Q3)

2.0 (1.0 – 3.7)

1.9 (1.0–3.5)

 Green codes—median (Q1 – Q3)

2.8 (1.4 – 5.3)

2.8 (1.4–5.2)

 Yellow codes—median (Q1 – Q3)

5.0 (2.7 – 10.7)

4.5 (2.5–9.5)

 Red codes—median (Q1 – Q3)

4.9 (2.2 – 15.8)

4.6 (2.0–15.6)

  1. S-ED Simple Emergency Department, DEA-I Level-I Departments for Emergency and Admission, DEA-II Level-II Departments for Emergency and Admission, LOS Length of Stay