No Head CT scan performed | Head CT scan performed | Univariate Analysisa | Multivariate Analysisa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 434 | N = 636 | P-value | OR | CI 95% | p-value | ||
Traumatic ICH | No Traumatic ICH | ||||||
N = 56 | N = 579 | ||||||
Age, years, mean | 52.6 (± 1.2) | 72.7 (± 3.2) | 67 (± 1.0) | 0.09 | 1 | 0.9—1.1 | 0.2 |
Male | 223 (51.4) | 24 (42.9) | 271 (46.8) | 0.32 | |||
Antiplatelets | 18 (4.1) | 17 (30.4) | 154 (26.6) | 0.93 | |||
Aspirin | 15 (3.5) | 14 (25.0) | 128 (22.1) | ||||
Clopidogrel | 1 (0.2) | 2 (3.6) | 17 (2.9) | ||||
Aspirin + Clopidogrel | 1 (0.2) | 1 (1.8) | 7 (1.2) | ||||
Anticoagulants | 9 (2.1) | 14 (25.0) | 138 (23.8) | 0.97 | |||
vitamin K antagonist | 2 (0.5) | 4 (7.1) | 25 (4.3) | ||||
apixaban | 6 (1.3) | 4 (7.1) | 80 (13.8) | ||||
rivaroxaban | 1 (0.2) | 1 (1.8) | 9 (1.6) | ||||
dabigatran | 0 | 4 (7.1) | 20 (3.5) | ||||
subcutaneous anticoagulant | 1 (0.2) | 1 (1.8) | 4 (0.7) | ||||
Mechanisms | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.9—1.6 | 0.2 | |||
Ground-level fall | 224 (51.6) | 34 (60.7) | 387 (66.8) | ||||
Fall > 1 m/5 steps | 24 (5.5) | 7 (12.5) | 37 (6.4) | ||||
Road traffic accident | 69 (15.9) | 4 (7.1) | 74 (12.8) | ||||
Sports | 22 (5.1) | 3 (5.4) | 22 (3.8) | ||||
Head struck/hit by object | 45 (10.4) | 1 (1.8) | 20 (3.5) | ||||
Assault | 39 (9.0) | 3 (5.4) | 26 (4.5) | ||||
Post-TBI symtomes | |||||||
Amnesia | 14 (3.2) | 7 (12.5) | 51 (8.8) | 0.7 | |||
Loos of consciousness | 26 (6.0) | 12 (21.4) | 83 (14.3) | 0.45 | |||
confusion | 16 (3.7) | 16 (28.6) | 75 (12.9) | 0.02 | 1.1 | 0.4—2.8 | 0.9 |
Headache | 68 (15.7) | 15 (26.8) | 118 (20.4) | 0.55 | |||
Vomiting | 18 (4.1) | 6 (10.7) | 40 (6.9) | 0.66 | |||
Seizure | 2 (0.5) | 2 (3.6) | 2 (0.3) | 0.05 | 6.5 | 0.6—75.4 | 0.1 |
Glasgow scale score | < 0.001 | ||||||
15 | 421 (97.0) | 33 (58.9) | 535 (92.4) | Reference | |||
14 | 7 (1.6) | 11 (19.6) | 28 (4.8) | 5.1 | 1.7—15.5 | 0.004 | |
13 | 0 | 4 (7.1) | 5 (0.8) | 7.3 | 1.3—39.2 | 0.02 | |
≤ 12 | 0 | 8 (14.3) | 8 (1.4) | 12.6 | 3.2—49.9 | < 0.001 | |
Focal neurological sign | 1 (0.2) | 8 (14.3) | 15 (2.6) | < 0.001 | 2.9 | 0.8—9.8 | 0.09 |
Sign of skull base fracture | 5 (1.2) | 10 (17.9) | 23 (4.0) | < 0.001 | 5.2 | 1.8—15.4 | 0.003 |
Head cutaneous impact location | 0.62 | ||||||
No impact | 124 (28.6) | 14 (25.0) | 156 (2.7) | ||||
Facial | 92 (21.2) | 8 (14.3) | 88 (15.2) | ||||
Frontal | 88 (20.3) | 12 (21.4) | 134 (23.1) | ||||
Temporale-parietale-occipale | 103 (23.7) | 19 (33.9) | 140 (24.2) | ||||
Multiples | 18 (4.1) | 2 (3.6) | 57 (9.8) |