Fig. 2

Interrupted Time Series Analysis of weekly PED visit from January 1, 2019 to May 12, 2024. The figure illustrates the trends in weekly PED visits during the study period, highlighting the impact of three key events: the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the lifting of the mask mandate, and residents’ resignation. The blue line represents observed PED visits, while the red line shows model-fitted values obtained using a generalized least squares model. Vertical dashed lines indicate: (1) the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (January 27, 2020), (2) the lifting of the mask mandate (January 30, 2023), and (3) residents’ resignation (February 19, 2024). Confidence intervals around the fitted values demonstrate changes in trends over time. PED, pediatric emergency department; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019