Appropriate cardiopulmonary resuscitation duration and predictors of return of spontaneous circulation in traumatic cardiac arrest

Table 4 Characteristics and outcomes of survivors of traumatic cardiac arrest

#	Age range	Sex	Type of injury	Mechanism of injury	AVPU	Rhythm	Witnessed	CPR time (pre/in/total)
1	60–69	M	RTA	Blunt	Alert	PEA	Y	4/22/26
2	60–69	M	Fall	Blunt	Unresponsive	VF/VT	Y	4/0/4
3	40–49	M	Penetrating	Penetrating	Alert	PEA	N	0/8/8
4	60–69	F	Fall	Blunt	Alert	PEA	N	0/2/2
5	70–79	M	Fall	Blunt	Unresponsive	PEA	Y	2/0/2
6	20–29	M	Fall	Blunt	Unresponsive	VF/VT	Y	16/0/16
7	20–29	M	Penetrating	Penetrating	Unresponsive	PEA	N	1/1/2

#	AIS	Presumed cause of arrest	ISS	RTS	TRISS	Interventions during CPR	Emergency interventions
1	Chest AIS: 3 Abdomen&Pelvis AIS: 3 Pelvis&extremities AIS: 5 External AIS: 1	Bleeding	43	3	0.032587	SGA IV	Massive transfusion EDT Emergency operation
2	Chest AIS: 3 Abdomen&Pelvis AIS: 2 Pelvis&extremities AIS: 2 External AIS: 1	Chest injury	17	12	0.949841	O2 mask IV	-
3	Chest AIS: 4	Chest injury	16	3	0.876522	Intubation IV	Massive transfusion EDT
4	Head AIS: 3 Chest AIS: 4 Abdomen&Pelvis AIS: 2 Pelvis&extremities AIS: 5 External AIS: 1	Bleeding	50	10	0.369491	Cricothyrotomy IV	Massive transfusion EDT Emergency operation
5	Head AIS: 3 Chest AIS: 4 Abdomen&Pelvis AIS: 2 Pelvis&extremities AIS: 3 External AIS: 1	Chest injury	34	8	0.282276	O2 mask	Massive transfusion
6	Head AIS: 1 Chest AIS: 3 External AIS:1	Chest injury	11	8	0.925318	O2 mask	Intubation
7	Chest AIS: 4 Abdomen&Pelvis AIS: 4	Bleeding	32	12	0.934594	Intubation IV	Massive transfusion Emergency operation

#	MV days	ICU LOS	Hospital LOS	Hospital event	GOS
1	53	53	53	AKI, HAP, Sepsis	3
2	0	4	19	Unplanned return to the ICU	5
3	1	4	38	IHCA	4
4	13	13	41	ARDS, IHCA, CLABSI	4
5	13	22	41	Unplanned intubation, HAP	4
6	17	20	26	Unplanned intubation, HAP	5
7	2	5	65	Unplanned return to the OR, unplanned return to the ICU	5

AVPU, Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive; CPR, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; RTA, Road traffic accident; PEA, Pulseless electrical activity; VF, Ventricular fibrillation; VT, Ventricular tachycardia
AIS, Abbreviated injury scale; ISS, Injury severity score; RTS, Revised trauma score; TRISS, Trauma score and injury severity score; CPR, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; EDT, Emergency department thoracotomy; IV, Intravenous; SGA, Supraglottic airway device ((i-gel™, Intersurgical Ltd., Wokingham, UK)
MV, Mechanical ventilation; ICU, Intensive care unit; LOS, Length of stay; GOS, Glasgow outcome scale; AKI, Acute kidney injury; HAP, Hospital acquired pneumonia; IHCA, In-hospital cardiac arrest; CLABIS, Central line-associated bloodstream infection; OR, Operation room

ISSN: 1471-227X